A panic attack is defined as a sudden and intense episode of fear or discomfort that typically lasts between 5 and 20 minutes, although in some cases it can last longer. Panic attacks trigger strong physical responses even when there is no real danger present. (1)


Key Symptoms of Panic Attacks

Panic attacks usually begin abruptly, with symptoms peaking within 10 minutes and gradually fading afterward. Although the duration may vary from person to person, most episodes are relatively brief.


Common symptoms of a panic attack include: (1)(2)


  • Rapid heartbeat
  • Chest pain
  • Shortness of breath or fast breathing
  • Trembling or shaking
  • Sweating
  • Nausea
  • Feeling of choking
  • Hot flashes
  • Abdominal cramps
  • Tingling or numbness in the hands and feet


What Might Trigger a Panic Attack?

While the exact cause is often unclear, several factors may increase the likelihood of experiencing panic attacks, such as: (1)(2)

  • Genetic predisposition
  • High levels of stress
  • Personality traits – some people are naturally more sensitive to stress or negative emotions
  • Brain changes, especially in areas like the amygdala (which regulates fear response)
  • Other mental health conditions
  • Childhood trauma or negative past experiences
  • Use of certain medications or stimulants


How Are Panic Attacks Treated?

If panic attacks become frequent or begin to interfere with daily life, it’s important to seek professional help. A mental health specialist may suggest one or more of the following treatments:


1. Psychotherapy

Treatment often begins with psychotherapy, particularly talk therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This helps the patient understand their condition, recognize triggers, and gradually reduce the intensity of their reactions.

Through guided sessions, patients learn to face anxiety-inducing thoughts or situations in a safe and structured way, eventually realizing that these triggers don’t represent real danger.

CBT also equips patients with practical techniques like breathing exercises and relaxation methods to use during stressful moments or attacks—helping make future episodes less severe.  (3)


2. Medication

In some cases, a psychiatrist may prescribe medication to manage both the physical and emotional symptoms of panic attacks. The most commonly prescribed drugs are antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and anti-anxiety medications when necessary.


These medications help reduce symptom intensity and frequency. They must be used under close medical supervision to ensure proper dosage and effectiveness. (3)





For expert guidance and personalized treatment, don’t hesitate to book an appointment at the Psychiatry Clinic at Al-Ahli Hospital. Our trusted team is here to help you take control of panic attacks and regain a sense of calm and normalcy in your daily life.



Lifestyle Tips to Support Recovery

In addition to professional treatment, these healthy habits may also help manage or reduce panic attacks: (3)

  • Practicing yoga
  • Relaxation exercises
  • Deep breathing techniques
  • Regular physical activity
  • Cutting back on smoking
  • Reducing caffeine intake
  • Getting enough sleep


References