Causes of Stomach Pain

Published at 12 January 2026

Stomach pain is one of the most common types of pain, as it can result from various causes, some of which may be more serious than others. The pain you feel in the stomach may also originate from another abdominal organ or from outside the digestive system. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor, especially if the pain is severe or persistent. (1)

Common Causes of Stomach Pain

Here are the main causes that can lead to stomach pain or conditions where stomach pain is a key symptom:

Viral Gastritis and Gastroenteritis (Stomach Flu)

A common viral infection affecting the stomach, leading to watery diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. It is transmitted through contaminated food, water, or surfaces and usually resolves on its own within a few days with hydration and rest. (4)

Indigestion

A frequent cause of stomach pain, often resulting from eating too quickly, overeating, or underlying health issues. Symptoms may include fullness, upper abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and heartburn. Persistent or worsening symptoms require medical attention. (5)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus repeatedly, causing pain and a burning sensation in the chest, which may extend to the throat. Chronic cough may also occur. (1)

Stress

Stress and anxiety can disrupt stomach function and overall digestive health. While usually mild and temporary, chronic stress may have more serious long-term effects. (2)

Ulcers

Stomach ulcers often result from H. pylori infection or prolonged use of NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). Symptoms include pain below the rib cage, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, and loss of appetite. Treatment involves acid-suppressing medications and antibiotics if needed. (3)

Gas and Bloating

Gas is a normal part of digestion, but excess can cause pain, cramps, and noticeable abdominal swelling. It may result from certain foods or digestive disorders. (6)

Food Allergies or Intolerances

Some people experience stomach pain when consuming specific foods. Symptoms may include vomiting, diarrhea, and other signs of allergic reactions, such as rash or facial swelling. (7)

Other Causes

Kidney or Gallstones: Pain often occurs in the upper right abdomen, sometimes radiating to the back, with nausea and vomiting. (10)
Pancreatitis: Causes severe upper abdominal pain, often radiating to the back, with nausea, vomiting, and fever. Pain may worsen when touching the abdomen. (11)
Gastroparesis: A condition where the stomach cannot empty properly due to nerve damage, causing pain, nausea, and fullness. (8)
Stomach Cancer: Usually presents in advanced stages, with stomach pain, weight loss, loss of appetite, dark stools, or blood in vomit. (9)

The Importance of Accurate Diagnosis

Due to the similarity of symptoms across different conditions, it is crucial to get an accurate diagnosis to identify the underlying cause of stomach pain. Some causes may be serious or chronic and require specialized treatment. Consulting a qualified doctor and visiting a well-equipped hospital ensures accurate diagnosis.

Accurate diagnosis helps determine whether the issue is a simple digestive disorder or a more complex problem, such as ulcers or disease in adjacent organs like the liver or pancreas. Early diagnosis prevents potential complications, allows for the most suitable treatment, speeds recovery, and prevents worsening of the condition.

Al Ahli Hospital prioritizes providing comprehensive gastroenterology care, with a team of experienced consultants using modern medical technologies to diagnose and treat stomach and digestive diseases.

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